When you notice your cat’s eyes turning red, it can be a worrying sight. Cats communicate discomfort through subtle signs, and red or inflamed eyes are often one of the first indicators that something is wrong. While some causes are mild and temporary, others may signal more severe health concerns that require immediate veterinary care. Understanding why your cat’s eyes are red and how to respond can help protect their vision and overall well-being.
Why Do Cats Get Red Eyes?
A cat’s eyes can appear red for a variety of reasons, ranging from simple irritation to complex medical issues. The redness is usually caused by inflammation of the blood vessels in or around the eyes. Below are the most common causes:
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
Conjunctivitis is one of the leading causes of red eyes in cats. It happens when the tissue lining the eyelids becomes inflamed due to bacteria, viruses, allergies, or irritants. Along with redness, you may notice swelling, discharge, and frequent blinking.
Upper Respiratory Infections
Just like humans, cats can suffer from colds and respiratory infections. These infections, often caused by feline herpesvirus or calicivirus, can lead to watery, red, or swollen eyes. Sneezing and nasal discharge may also accompany the eye symptoms.
Allergies
Cats can develop allergies to pollen, dust, smoke, or even certain cleaning products. Allergic reactions often trigger itchy, watery, and red eyes. If your cat tends to rub their face against furniture or paw at their eyes, allergies may be the culprit.
Dry Eye (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca)
This condition occurs when your cat’s tear glands do not produce enough moisture, leaving the eyes dry and irritated. Dry eye can lead to redness, thick discharge, and even corneal damage if left untreated.
Eye Injuries
Scratches or foreign bodies, such as dust, grass, or hair, can irritate the eye and cause redness. Injuries may also cause squinting, excessive tearing, or sensitivity to light.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma develops when pressure builds inside the eye, leading to pain, cloudiness, and visible redness. This is a severe condition that can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated.
Corneal Ulcers
Open sores on the cornea can cause severe pain, redness, and excessive tearing. Trauma, infections, or untreated dry eye often cause them. Immediate veterinary care is essential.
Uveitis
Uveitis refers to inflammation of the inner structures of the eye. It can result from infections, immune system disorders, or even cancer. Symptoms include redness, cloudiness, and sensitivity to light.
Signs to Watch For
Red eyes in cats rarely occur alone. You should seek veterinary attention if you notice:
- Persistent redness or swelling
- Cloudy eyes or visible changes in color
- Squinting or keeping one eye closed
- Excessive tearing or thick discharge
- Frequent pawing at the eyes
- Behavioral changes such as loss of appetite or lethargy
When to See a Veterinarian
If your cat’s eyes remain red for more than a day, or if the redness is accompanied by pain, discharge, or changes in vision, schedule a vet appointment immediately. Serious eye problems such as glaucoma, corneal ulcers, or uveitis can worsen rapidly and may result in irreversible loss of vision if not treated promptly.
Treatment Options
The right treatment varies based on what’s causing the problem, making a veterinary diagnosis crucial. Typical options may include:
- Antibiotic or antiviral eye drops – prescribed to address bacterial or viral infections.
- Artificial tears or moisturizing drops – used to ease dryness and irritation.
- Anti-inflammatory Medications – To reduce swelling and discomfort
- Allergy Management – Identifying and removing allergens from your cat’s environment
- Surgery – In severe cases of glaucoma or corneal ulcers
Never use over-the-counter human eye drops unless prescribed by a veterinarian. Many human medications can harm cats.
Home Care and Prevention
While medical treatment should always come from your vet, you can take preventive steps at home:
- Keep your cat’s environment free of dust, smoke, and strong chemicals.
- Regularly clean food and water bowls to minimize the growth of bacteria.
- Schedule routine veterinary checkups for early detection of eye problems.
- Provide proper nutrition to support eye and immune health.
- Keep vaccinations up to date, especially for feline herpesvirus.
Final Thoughts
Red eyes in cats should never be ignored. While minor irritations can clear up quickly, other causes may indicate severe conditions that threaten your cat’s vision. As a responsible pet parent, observing changes in your cat’s eyes and seeking veterinary advice can make all the difference. Prompt treatment not only relieves discomfort but also ensures your feline companion enjoys a healthy and happy life.
